5W1H(Who, What, When, Where, Why, How)を使った疑問文のまとめ。疑問詞の種類と使い分け、語順のルールを総復習します。
疑問詞とは、質問文の先頭に置いて「何を」「誰が」「どこで」などを尋ねる語です。
who / what / where / when / why / how / which / whose が基本の疑問詞です。
How many / How much / How long など、組み合わせで細かい質問もできます。
| 疑問詞 | 意味 | 例文 |
|---|---|---|
| who | 誰 | Who is he? |
| what | 何 | What do you want? |
| where | どこ | Where is the station? |
| when | いつ | When did you arrive? |
| why | なぜ | Why are you here? |
| how | どのように | How did you do it? |
| which | どちら | Which do you prefer? |
| whose | 誰の | Whose bag is this? |
| how old | 何歳 | How old are you? |
| パターン | 使い方 |
|---|---|
| How many | 可算名詞の数（How many apples ...?） |
| How much | 不可算の量/金額（How much water/money ...?） |
| How long | 長さ・期間（How long does it take?） |
| How often | 頻度（How often do you ...?） |
| How far | 距離（How far is it from ...?） |
| How old | 年齢（How old are you?） |
| What time / When | 時刻は What time／日付や時期は When |
| Whose / Which | 所有: Whose（Whose book...?）／選択: Which（Which color ...?） |
Who does come?
Who comes?
解説: 主語を尋ねるときは do/does を使いません。Who の直後に動詞を続け、三人称単数扱いで -s を付けます。
What time are you start?
What time do you start?
解説: 一般動詞（start）の疑問文には do/does/did が必要です。be動詞 are は使いません。
Where you are?
Where are you?
解説: be動詞の疑問文では、be動詞を主語の前に移動させます。
What do you did?
What did you do?
解説: 過去の疑問文には did を使い、動詞は原形に戻します。
How many money do you need?
How much money do you need?
解説: money は不可算名詞なので How many ではなく How much を使います。
Why did you went there?
Why did you go there?
解説: did の後は必ず動詞の原形を使います。went ではなく go です。